Showing posts with label mythology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label mythology. Show all posts

Friday, June 28, 2013

Broca's Brain: Reflections on the Romance of Science (Carl Sagan)

I find it weird that I have suddenly become interested in science books when I got out of school. I guess my brain craves something other than the usual literary forms I grew up with. Lately, fiction has taken the backseat after dominating 15 years of my life.

Since I became engrossed with chaos theory, I would often find myself buying science books from Booksale. For some reason, my lack of science courses in college gave me this thirst, this feeling that my education lacks something essential for me to have a clearer grasp of the natural world. One of the books I bought is Carl Sagan's Broca's Brain, which struck me at first as a sci-fi novel. (I didn't know any scientist named Broca, that's why!)

One thing I like about the book is that it is written for the lay reader, for those like me who are not science majors. The book on the whole is very engaging as Sagan not only focuses on scientific findings and discoveries but also touch on myths and pseudoscience. Reading the introduction part, one is already tempted to read the book from cover to cover in just one sitting. There's just this excitement that I felt when I read the following words:

"We live in an extraordinary age. These are times of stunning changes in social organization, economic well-being, moral and ethical precepts, philosophical and religious perspectives, and human self-knowledge, as well as in our understanding of that vast universe in which we are embedded like a grain of sand in this cosmic ocean. As long as there have been human beings, we have posed the deep and fundamental questions, which evoke wonder and stir us into at least a tentative and trembling awareness, questions on the origins of consciousness; life on our planet; the beginnings of the Earth; the formation of the Sun; the possibility of intelligent beings somewhere up there in the depths of the sky; as well as, the grandest inquiry of all--- on the advent, nature and ultimate destiny of the universe. For all but the last instant of human history these issues have been the exclusive province of philosophers and poets, shamans and theologians. The diverse and mutually contradictory answers offered demonstrate that few of the proposed solutions have been correct. But today, as a result of knowledge painfully extracted from nature, through generations of careful thinking, observing and experimenting, we are on the verge of glimpsing at least preliminary answers to many of these questions."

In Broca's Brain, Carl Sagan successfully captures the attention of readers to hear the side of science as he tackles major claims made by pseudoscientists. In particular, he debunks Immanuel Velikovsky's Worlds in Collisions which explains why catastrophes were experienced by ancient cultures, as reflected in their myths and religions. After a detailed critique, Sagan suggests that science should not be kept in an ivory tower and should be demystified so that technological initiatives can be supported by the people since scientific research is expensive and more often than not, funds are sourced from the taxes that dutiful citizens pay.

Sagan also offers a personal snippet of his life as he traces his early interests in science through science fiction, though he has come to think that science is way cooler than fiction. While sci-fi is too romantic and too full of speculations, he notes one benefit of sci-fi is that it becomes an avenue through which readers can learn bits and pieces of scientific knowledge. He is quick to point out though that one downside to science students having been exposed to sci-fi would have prejudices which would be difficult to detach from when they do their own experiments.

Another point of interest in the book is how the celestial objects got their names, as well as the widely debated extraterrestrial life. At the end of the book, Sagan juxtaposes sciences to religion, touching on the question of origins and which inevitably would lead to the question of whether God exists or not. To this question, Sagan plays it safe by saying that "we simply do not know" (p. 337) quoting the passage below from the Rig Veda:

"Who knows for certain? Who shall here declare it?
Whence was it born, whence came creation?
The gods are later than this world's formation;
Who then can know the origins of the world?
None knows whence creation arose;
And whether he has or has not made it;
He who surveys it from the lofty skies,
Only he knows--- or perhaps he knows not."

Saturday, March 30, 2013

X/1999


One of the first animé series I have watched is Magic Knight Rayearth, about three teenage girls sent to a different world as saviours. The series, which combines various genres such as mecha, fantasy, action, adventure, and romance, was, though not necessarily a favorite, something that piqued my interest in animé in my early years.

In high school, I met my first fellow otakus and they were all crazy about CLAMP. I would learn from them that CLAMP is the maker of some of the most popular animé and manga series like Cardcaptor Sakura, Chobits, CLAMP School Detectives, Angelic Layer, XXXHolic, X/1999, Tsubasa Chronicles, and yes, including Magic Knight Rayearth. Later on, I would find myself watching the first three and not liking the stories mainly because I find them mainly catered to girls with their magical dreams and too much fan service, though to be fair I love the concepts and the art, I became a CLAMP-basher.

In highschool, my friends and I watched X The Movie together and seeing its many allusions to Christian eschatology, I made a mental note to one day watch the series since I could not entirely comprehend the movie due to its compressed narrative. My friends also advised me to watch the series and to give CLAMP another chance. It will only be years later, this Holy Week vacation to be precise, that I heeded their advise, and I am without regrets.



The very gist of the series is fate of the world as decided upon by Kamui, the main protagonist who started off as a cold-hearted, confused character who would fight anyone trying to meddle in his affairs. He must decide if he wants to protect the present as a Dragon of Heaven or to wish for a change by destroying the world and creating a new one as Dragon of Earth. But the fates can be cruel, because no matter which side he chooses, he must fight against his twin star, his best friend Fuma, who is destined to fill the empty seat, the role rejected by Kamui in choosing the other.

In preparation for the final battle between the two dragons, each must gather his comrades. The fourteen dragons, seven on each side, have their own stories, their wishes and decisions controlled by the circumstances they were put in in their younger years.


 Kamui’s cheerful and thoughtful personality changed when he saw his mother die before his very eyes as a shadow sacrifice, to ensure that Kamui chooses the right path. Sorata, the friendliest of the Dragons of Earth, was taken away from his mother to live in Mout Kouya as a monk (episode 6). Arashi, the swordswoman and priestess of Ise, did not care if she lived or not as a child but the reason behind this was not fully explained (episode 23). The onmyouji Subaru suffered the most similar tragedy with Kamui; his sister Hokuto was killed by Seishiro the Sakrazukamori whom he loved as well (episode 9), whereas Kamui bore the pain of seeing his childhood sweethear Kotori killed by his best friend Fuma (episode 12). The youngest of the team, Yuzuriha, was often teased as a liar as a child because no one can see her best friend Inuki, a spirit dog visible only to people with supernatural powers (episode 10).The fire master Karen, was regarded as a devil by her own Catholic mother because of her power to control fire (episode 19). Only the wind master Aoki’s back story is not revealed though repeatedly in the series, it is reiterated that he is a loving husband and father.


The Dragons of Earth, on the other hand, are composed of characters who are mostly social deviants with the exception perhaps of Kusanagi and Yuto. Aside from this, they are characterized by their obvious contempt for humans who for them, are an abusive lot deserving death. Fuma used to be a kind-hearted man prior to his awakening as Kamui’s twin star. Satsuki the computer genius orchestrated the death of her own father with the help of her computer “friends” (episode 7). Seishiro is a cold-hearted assassin, figuring in both Subaru and his sister Hokuto’s lives as the latter’s killer. Kakyou the dreamseer is tortured by the fact that he was not able to save the most important person for him, Hokuto, when the girl is killed. The clone Nataku, a lost child with “needy personality”, is a soulless body created by Tojo Pharmaceuticals (episode 15). Kusanagi is a gentle guy whom Yuzuriha falls for, being the first person in Tokyo to “see” Inuki, which brought the young girl great joy.

All dragons knew of their fates beforehand, with the exception of Fuma whose role is dependent on which side Kamui will choose. Each character then prepares himself for the Great Battle and has learned to yield to fate. However, with Kotori’s message that all hope is not lost and that the future still is undecided, Kamui goes on to fight even though Fuma tells him of the inevitability of the Dragon of Heaven’s loss. Indeed, Kamui dies in the end, but his final wish is granted--- to protect Fuma and the world he lives in. This is after he made a sudden realization--- that people die but then their wishes do not die with them, that their wishes continue to live on in the hearts of their loved ones they left behind and whom they want to protect.

All throughout the dramatic events in the series, impressive music plays in the background thus setting the mood. Saccharinely tragic and heart-wrenching, the series boasts of one of the most commendable soundtrack in animédom, and this is also one more reason to watch X/1999 over and over again. 
  
And as a last note, if there is one word that describes the series other than darkly compelling, it would have to be that X/1999  is, in a word, FEATHERY, as all 24 episodes have scenes of scattered feathers. This can be said as pretty much a trademark of CLAMP to portray dreaminess and mysticism.

Tuesday, March 19, 2013

My Date with a Vampire Season 1 (episodes 13-19)


Late last week I finished the first of seven DVD set of My Date with a Vampire. Yes, it’s that addicting. Every episode discloses interesting information and you get hungry for more. The next thing you know, it’s way past midnight. No wonder lately I have been reporting late for work.

白素素 the White Snake’s role in the series becomes clear here. She is known for her wine which, when ingested, clears up a person’s muddled thoughts. Different characters have different reactions and saw different things.  It was instrumental in making王珍珍 confess her feelings to況天佑 when she berated him for being too mysterious and ambivalent.  況天佑 apparently is not affected by the drink.

 馬小玲, on the other hand, saw herself and況天佑 embracing each other and was heavily disturbed. First and foremost, her bestfriend likes況天佑.  Second, as the heiress of the clan, she is expected to focus on her profession and goal of defeating 將臣 above all things. But in the scenes following this episode, we see another side to this seemingly cold-hearted girl. She is willing to sacrifice her own feelings for her best friend 王珍珍 and even goes an extra mile as threatening況天佑 never to hurt 王珍珍’s feelings. This can also be seen as one way of reminding herself never to fall in love.

As for 況天佑, while it is clear that he loves 阿秀, I doubt if he has feelings for 王珍珍. My guess is that he likes馬小玲 at the onset. He once remarked that he and馬小玲 have a whole lot more to talk about, compared to when he is with王珍珍. And he seems to be just hopelessly lured to blind dates orchestrated by his son復生 and 馬小玲.

Speaking more on romance, episode 18 can very well be one of my favorites. In this episode, 白素素 is already dying and she has just one wish--- to see許仙 one last time before her death. But let us first see the events that unfolded before episode 18.

山本一夫, after knowing that the crab-shaped 鎮國石靈in a museum in Beijing has the power to stop him from his world-domination plans, he had it sent to Hong Kong for an exhibition. He then concocts a plan to have馬小玲 and況天佑 fight each other, with the hope of eliminating his potential opponents, all the while holding復生 as hostage. [When未來 learns of the abduction of her little friend, she tries to search for him.]
And so during the fight in the museum, 馬小玲 discovers that 況天佑 is actually a vampire. [The two will have an agreement afterwards: 馬小玲 will kill況天佑 once the latter fixes his relationship with王珍珍 and also, once a cure to turn 復生 into a human is found. The latter seems to be 況天佑’s one and only goal in life.] So anyway, it is during this fight that法海 is released from having been sealed for centuries inside the crab-shaped stone. The relentless monk immediately searched for the snake sisters for revenge.

Against her will, 馬小玲 helps the Snake sisters despite knowing that they are not human, but still with the acknowledgement that they are good-natured. This leads her to question her profession because she will stop at nothing to capture supernatural creatures. Here we see the difference between馬小玲’s strict adherence to her family’s profession and王珍珍’s naiveté which allows her to see beyond physical appearances. Also, her act may also be in consideration of her student金正中’s feelings toward White Snake, which shows that she’s not as cruel as she seems to be.

We also see the character of白素素. As a supernatural creature like the vampire 況天佑, she exudes compassion and is the epitome of patience. She fell in love with the human許仙 many years ago. But time does not diminish her love and she patiently waits for the reincarnation of 許仙, holding on to  妙善’s vision that she will be able to meet her beloved before 天人五衰. And as stated before, the series owes much to Buddhism. 天人五衰 is  a Buddhist concept that refers to the decay of devas. [The counterpart of devas is angels in Western religions.] 白素素 dreads天人五衰 but has accepted her fate early on, that sensing 法海’s revival and the imminent coming of天人五衰, she tries to do as much good as possible to the good people she meets, but more so for金正中 whose clumsiness she finds attractive. In fact, 小青 says that 金正中 is way way better than 許仙.

While法海 pursues the two sisters and injures their friends in the process, even山本一夫’s team lends a hand, rendering the old monk heavily injured. It is then that Buddha intervenes and in a deux-ex-machina moment, 法海 is given a lotus to sit on to meditate and purify himself, thereby saving the two sisters.

But then not long, 白素素 is experiencing 天人五衰. Her hair has grown white and wrinkles have appeared on her face. She hides from everyone but her friends seek her out. At this time, 金正中 has no recollection of her, having been hurt by法海 during the fight. He runs away the minute he saw her, leaving白素素 in tears. 白素素 cries out to heaven in agony, saying all she wants is just to see許仙 before she dies. Heaven grants her wish and strikes a lightning, hitting金正中 whose memories suddenly returned. He runs back to apologize to the woman he loves. And in this special moment [okay here comes my favorite heart-wrenching scene], for a brief moment, 金正中 previous incarnation flashes in his mind. He saw himself as許仙 holding an umbrella for 白素素 in the West Lake where they met. [This got me crying!!!]

Meanwhile, 未來 is finally able to track where her father is hiding復生, but comes too late. 復生, very hungry from days of no consumption, sucks the blood of a girl placed inside his cell by Ken, 未來’s lover. This will change 復生 forever, who hasn’t tasted fresh human blood before and suddenly the expired human blood they get from the hospital is repulsive to him. He tries to keep this a secret from his adoptive father, feeling disgusted with himself aside from the heavy guilt he now bears after killing a human for blood.

In episode 19, 復生 asks馬小玲 to exterminate him, a move approved by況天佑 even though it is also difficult for him. [And I think it is the first time he cried.]

While all these are happening, 山本一夫’s other sidekick Herman, seems to want to kill 王珍珍’s mother who now works山本一夫’s company as headed by Mr. Lim who has taken a liking to欧阳嘉嘉. The mother and daughter are both invited to a party and there, the first meeting of山本一夫 and王珍珍 takes place. 山本一夫 is shocked and awestruck at the sight of the woman who looks a lot like his deceased wife from years ago.

Love polygon begins.

See here to see summary of episodes 1-12 and
episodes 20-35

Wednesday, March 13, 2013

My Date with a Vampire Season 1 (Episodes 1-12)

A month ago, I was lucky to finally find a DVD copy of the Cantonese series My Date with a Vampire. I first watched it when I was in elementary school more than 10 years ago. Back then, vampire-themed series were not as many and I think the Western rival would have to be Anne Rice’s vampires. It is important to note though that My Date with a Vampire is a romantic series (though not as sappy as Twilight) merged with popular Chinese mythology and religion except that the vampires in this series are not like the jumping zombie vampires with paper seals on their foreheads, but are vampires patterned after those from the West.

Just recently I picked up from where I left off last month and did a marathon from episodes 5 to episodes 12. While I initially intended to write a per-episode summary cum review, I changed my mind, feeling the need to be realistic since I have a lot of backlogs to take care of. So what I’m going to write about in this entry is the summary of My Date with a Vampire so far.

The series opened with the main character 況國華 (later況天佑) fighting as a guerilla against the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War. He infiltrated the Imperial Japanese Army base headed by山本一夫 and planned on bombing the place and partially succeeded but sustained injuries. When he came to consciousness, he was already resting inside a village hut where he met 阿秀 with whom he fell in love. The Japanese army came to the village and discovering that the villagers had helped the guerilla soldier, killed the villagers one by one. By that time, 況國華 had already fled together with the eight year old 復生. 山本一夫 manages to track況國華 down and the two engage in a fight. Suddenly, the progenitor of all vampires將臣 appears and so does馬小玲’s predecessor馬丹. 況國華, 復生, and  山本一夫 are all bitten by the vampire and became unconscious. Before況國華 fainted away, he is able to take a glimpse of the sword-wielding pigtailed girl ghostbuster in traditional Chinese clothing.

Fast forward to 1998, 況國華 renames himself as 況天佑 and now works as a police officer while he "takes care" of his "son" 復生.  況天佑 meets 馬小玲 and 王珍珍 while in Japan. When the vampire first saw the ghostbuster, you know at that moment that there will be something special between the two. And 況天佑 even kissed 馬小玲 when the latter needed to swallow a pill while fighting.

And so when the three return to Japan, they meet again. 況天佑 rents at 王珍珍's mom's estate. 王珍珍 falls in love with 況天佑 but the latter is apparently still in love with former lover 阿秀 whom he met one last time as the old woman lay dying. Then more characters appear like the funny guy 金正中 who pretends to be able to talk to ghosts for money. 金正中 later becomes 馬小玲's disciple. 求叔 is the guy to go to when  馬小玲 needs item repair or answers regarding the supernatural. 求叔 manages an arcade shop where ghosts play at night.

On the other side of the camp, 山本一夫 and his minions are preparing for doomsday, or the day when they will turn everyone else into vampires and rule the world. His daughter 未來 does not think the same though and rebels against her father. Her bitter resentment stems from her disgust at being turned into a vampire, aside from her father being the reason for her mother's death.

AAAAND... 未來's mother looked a lot like 王珍珍. No wonder when she first saw 王珍珍, she looks as if she wants to hug her. 未來's role at first was as the cause why 阿平's mother became a living dead and harms people to "protect" her son. Both mother and son die, but are fortunate to have been helped by 馬小玲 to cross over to the spirit world for reincarnation. It is clear from here that Buddhism plays an important role. (In fact, from what I remember, in later seasons, reincarnation would be a dominant theme as mysteries unfold.)

More and more are revealed and things are getting more interesting with each episode. 山本一夫  finally meets  妙善the reincarnation of the Goddess of Mercy who appears on earth every 33 years and whom 33 persons can ask 3 questions each.  山本一夫 asks what can stop him from his plans (the other two I forgot...)

And 況天佑's camp does not know of the evil that awaits the world yet...

But while these are happening, 金正中 seems to be falling for 白素素, the legendary White Snake who fell in love with the mortal 許仙. And I'm glad I got to watch the movie 白蛇傳說之法海 (2011) which helped me understand a bit of the legend. (And I'm off to research more on 白蛇傳.)

See here for summary of episodes 13-19 and
episodes 20-35

Monday, July 30, 2012

白蛇傳說之法海 (2011)

白蛇傳說之法海 (The Sorcerer and the White Snake) is a 2011 action fantasy film based on the legend of the white snake popular in Chinese mythology. The film stars Jet Li as the abbot Fahai who journeys around to vanquish demons together with his disciple-turned-monster Nengren. At the onset, it seemed like a film about Buddhism and the fight versus good and evil, though there is romance involved as the film also explores the love affair between a mortal and a snake demon in the persons of Xuxian and Susu respectively.






Susu the snake demon falls in love with the physician Xuxian and the two marry each other without Xuxian knowing about his wife's true nature. Susu, though a snake demon, has a good heart and helps her husband create medicine where she breathes magic into. When Fahai detected demon magic in the medicine, he gave Xuxian a spirit blade meant to protect him. When Susu took on her snake form and couldn't revert to human form, she was stabbed by Xuxian who was unaware that the snake and his wife are one. When Xuxian learned the truth, was advised to get a special root to help Susu recover and he did though when the root was taken, other captured demons were freed which possessed Xuxian.


Then the more important fight scenes begin as Susu and her sister Qingqing fight Fahai to "save" Xuxian who was under the care of the monks in the process of banishing the demons. Fahai fights the two sisters to prevent any interference but the snakes were successful in destroying the temple.


It is in this scene where we see the dedication of the praying monks as they remain indifferent to what is happening around them even to the point when they were already submerged in the water. This is a  beautiful metaphor for the Buddhist message not to worry about the tribulations in life and still strive to do what is right or what is expected of a person.


It is also in this scene where Fahai is seen contemplating about his actions and questioning if he is doing the right thing. As a monk, it is his duty to capture demons and have them meditate to attain enlightenment. At this point though, seeing the love between Susu and Xuxian, he begins to entertain doubts but nevertheless achieves enlightenment.


He then was able to trap Susu but also granted her final wish to see Xuxian one last time. The ending of the two lovers' romance was tragic as Susu was sucked to the temple to spend her days on meditation.


I think that the type of Buddhism adhered to by Fahai is one that believes even demons have the capacity to attain enlightenment through constant meditation. As such, Nirvana is not limited to the religious but extends to all beings as a manifestation of mercy from the Heavens. One important Buddhist precept is the nature of a thing regardless of physical manifestation, as embodied by the young monk Nengren who, despite having been transformed into demon form after being bitten by a bat demon, retains his humane characteristics as he helped fish other monks from the waters and deliver them to safety.